Obesity is a chronic metabolic disease that cannot be completely cured, as it returns again with malnutrition. Therefore, obesity treatment should be carried out for life.
Why is obesity dangerous?
Obesity is to blame for the development of arterial hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and atherosclerosis. In patients with obesity, there is often a violation of liver function, cholelithiasis.
As body weight increases, the risk of developing cancer increases.: in men – cancer of the prostate, rectum, in women – cancer of the mammary glands, ovaries, gallbladder, endometrium.
Obesity, as a rule, has more or less pronounced symptoms of damage to the nervous system: sleep disturbance, increased appetite, thirst, asthenoneurotic manifestations.
How can you tell if you have enough or too much body fat?
There are several options for different calculations for this. The most accurate and worldwide accepted assessment of the status of the body mass index (BMI, kg/?).
BMI = weight (kg) / height (in meters) squared
BMI is the ratio of body weight (in kg) to height (in meters) squared. For example, BMI = 60 kg / 1.70*1.70=20.76, which corresponds to the norm.
Assessment of the degree of obesity by BMI
The dynamics of body fat allows you to evaluate the ratio of waist circumference to hip circumference (FROM / OB). It is an independent risk factor. Thus, indicators characterizing the distribution of fat mainly in the abdominal cavity (which is more dangerous for health) in men are more than 1.0, and in women – more than 0.84.
The risk of developing arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, coronary heart disease is increased if the waist circumference in men is more than 94 cm, in women it is more than 80 cm; high, if the waist circumference for men is more than 102 cm, for women it is more than 88 cm.
Also, for the diagnosis of obesity, metabolic indicators are evaluated:
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Fasting blood triacylglycerides: normally not more than 2.83 mmol / l;
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Blood cholesterol: normal – no more than 5.18 mmol / l, moderately elevated – 5.18-6.19 mmol / l, significantly increased – more than 6.22 mmol / l.
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Fasting plasma glucose: normal 3.55-6.1 mmol / l, as well as a sugar curve.
Why do we gain weight?
Fat cells are laid in early childhood!Then all our life we will only put fats in these cells, and the more of them there are, the more we need to put aside, and the higher the possibility of gaining excess weight.
Excess consumption of fats, especially of animal origin, leads to weight gain.This is understandable – the body cannot spend such an excess of energy, it remains only to add it in the form of adipose tissue.
It is impossible to store carbohydrates in large quantities (only 70-120 g of glycogen in the liver), so you have to convert sweets and starchy foods into fat.
With constant significant overeating, there is the possibility of the appearance of new fat cells in the adult body. Yes, we will be able to get in shape again, lose weight by reducing the volume of fat cells, but, unfortunately, their number will remain the same.
During long holiday feasts, the body gets used to receiving more nutrients than usual, the saturation threshold rises, and even after the holidays we continue to struggle with appetite. Psychologists say that a sharp restriction in food in this case is even more stressful for the body than going to work after a long rest.
What to do?
The main thing to remember is that metabolism is subject to daily biological rhythms, regardless of your daily routine.It needs to be launched in the morning with a hearty breakfast, warmed up with lunch and not overloaded with dinner.
There are many recommendations for weight loss. It is not safe for health to stick to mono-diets or fasting for a long time.
You can achieve the desired result by changing your lifestyle.A balanced diet combined with physical activity is the key to success.
